Pre-School Education Models in OECD Countries and Türkiye Comparison

Abstract

This study aims to examine preschool education systems in OECD countries and compare them with Turkey. Preschool education encompasses a critical period of rapid cognitive, social, and emotional development, laying the foundation for lifelong learning skills. In OECD countries, this educational stage is supported by high enrollment rates, robust financing models, and innovative pedagogical approaches. Countries like Sweden and Finland particularly stand out for their emphasis on educational equity and quality standards. While Turkey has made significant strides, such as implementing mandatory education for the 5-year age group, challenges remain in the form of low enrollment rates for 3-4-year-olds, regional disparities, and insufficient funding. This study provides recommendations for improving Turkey’s preschool education policies, drawing lessons from successful practices in OECD countries. Enhancing quality standards, increasing financial support, and addressing regional inequalities are critical steps for advancing Turkey's performance in this area.